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Which methods are included in pest control when natural methods are insufficient?

  1. Chemical control only

  2. Mechanical control, cultural control, and biological control

  3. Education and training for applicators

  4. Crop rotation and planting schedules

The correct answer is: Mechanical control, cultural control, and biological control

When natural methods of pest control, such as biological controls, become inadequate in managing pest populations, a comprehensive approach to pest management is necessary. This includes mechanical control, cultural control, and biological control. Mechanical control involves the use of physical methods to remove or eliminate pests, such as traps or barriers. Cultural control refers to practices that reduce pest establishment, reproduction, and survival, including crop rotation, sanitation, and proper irrigation techniques. Biological control uses natural predators or parasites to manage pest populations, thereby reducing the reliance on synthetic pesticides. Together, these methods create a more integrated pest management strategy that is sustainable and effective when natural methods alone do not suffice. This multi-faceted approach is critical for maintaining pest populations at manageable levels while minimizing harm to the environment and non-target organisms.